Clothing knowledge (6) “Fabric Identification”
A, sensory method
a. Pure cotton cloth: The cloth surface has a soft luster, soft hand feel, poor elasticity, and is easy to wrinkle. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and then loosen it, you will see obvious wrinkles, and the folds are not easy to return to their original shape. Pull out a few warp and weft yarns from the edge of the cloth and twist them to see if the fibers are of different lengths.
b. Viscose cotton cloth (including artificial cotton and rich fiber cloth): The cloth surface has a soft and bright luster, bright colors, smooth and smooth texture, soft hand feel and poor elasticity. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and release it, you will see obvious creases, and the creases are not easy to return to their original shape.
c. Polyester-cotton cloth: The luster is brighter than pure cotton cloth, the cloth surface is smooth, clean and free of yarn ends or impurities. It feels smooth and crisp, and has better elasticity than pure cotton. If you pinch the fabric tightly with your hands and release it, the creases will not be obvious and it can easily return to its original shape.
d. Pure wool worsted woolen fabric: The surface of the fabric is smooth and clean, and the texture is fine and clear. The luster is soft and natural, and the color is pure. It feels soft and elastic. Pinch the dough tightly with your hands and loosen it. The crease will not be obvious and it can quickly return to its original shape. Most of the yarn count is double ply.
e. Pure woolen woolen wool: the woolen surface is plump and the texture is tight and thick. There is fine velvet on the surface, and the texture is generally not visible. It feels warm, plump and elastic. The yarns are mostly thick single yarns.
f. Wool-polyester blended woolen fabric: The appearance is pure wool fabric style. The texture of the woolen fabric is clear, flat and smooth, and its hand feel is not as soft as that of pure wool fabrics. It has a stiff and rough feel, and its elasticity exceeds that of whole wool and wool viscose woolen fabrics. Squeeze the fabric with your hands and release it, and the creases will quickly return to their original shape.
g. Wool and fine blended woolen fabrics: mostly worsted. It has strong wool feel, wool style and warmth. Not as elastic as wool and polyester.
h. Wool and brocade blended woolen fabrics: smooth surface, strong wool feel, waxy luster appearance, stiff hand feel. If you pinch the material tightly with your hands and then loosen it, there will be obvious creases and it will slowly return to its original shape.
i. Real silk: The silk surface is smooth and clean, the luster is soft, and the colors are bright and pure. It feels smooth, soft and looks light and elegant. When dry, the silk surface feels like a pull when touched, and there is a “silky sound” when it is torn.
j. Viscose silk fabric (rayon): The silk surface is bright but not soft, colorful, smooth to the touch, soft and drapey, but not as light and elegant as silk. If the silk surface is loosened after being pinched by hand, there will be creases and the recovery will be slow. The sound was hoarse as it tore. After the warp and weft yarns are wetted with water, they are easily broken.
B combustion identification method
List of burning characteristics of several commonly used fibers:
a,cotton
Close to the flame, it will not shrink or melt. When exposed to flame, it burns rapidly with orange flame and blue smoke. Leave the flame and keep burning. Burnt paper smells less and has less ash, which is linear in shape. The ash is soft, light gray, and easily turns into powder when touched.
b,hemp
Same as above, with less ash, light gray or off-white, and easily turns into powder when touched.
c, silk
Close to the flame, it shrinks but does not melt. On contact with flame, burns slowly. Leave the flame and extinguish itself. The flame is orange and very small. The odor-producing dark brown balls of burned feathers or hair turn into powder easily when touched.
d,mao
Close to the flame, it curls but does not melt. When exposed to flame, it will burn with smoke and bubbles. Leave the flame and keep burning. Sometimes it goes out by itself and the flame is orange. Burning feathers or hair produces a lot of smelly ash, forming shiny amorphous black lumps that easily turn into ash when touched
e,Viscose
Close to the flame, burn quickly, orange flame, less smell of burning paper, dark gray or light gray
f,polyester
When close to the flame, it shrinks first and then melts. Contact with flame, melt and burn. Leave the flame and keep burning. The flame is yellow-white, bright, with linear black smoke at the top. Special aromatic smell, dark brown amorphous hard lump or small ball, can be crushed with fingers
What to do if your clothes become moldy
1. If mildew spots appear on cotton clothes, you can use a few mung bean sprouts to rub the mold spots repeatedly, and then rinse them with clean water. The mildew spots will be removed.
2. If mildew spots appear on woolen clothes, put the clothes in the sun for a few hours. After drying, gently brush off the mildew spots with a brush. If the mold is caused by oil stains or sweat stains, you can use a soft-bristled brush dipped in some gasoline to scrub the moldy spots repeatedly, then wipe them with a clean towel several times and place them in a ventilated place to dry.
3. If there are mildew spots on silk clothes, first soak the silk in water and scrub with a brush. If there are many mildew spots and are heavy, you can apply some 5% alcohol solution to the moldy spots and scrub repeatedly for a few times. Apply it all over and the mildew spots will be removed quickly.
4. If there are mildew spots on leather clothes, you can first use a towel dipped in some soapy water to wipe it repeatedly. After removing the dirt, immediately rinse it with clean water, then dry it, and then apply some jacket oil.
5 If there are mildew spots on chemical fiber clothes, you can use a brush dipped in some strong soapy water to scrub them, and then rinse them with warm water to remove the mildew spots.
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