Polyester is an important variety of synthetic fibers and the trade name of polyester fiber in my country. It is a fiber-forming polymer made from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (MEG) through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation reaction – Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a fiber made by spinning and post-processing.
From the molecular composition of polyester, it is composed of short aliphatic hydrocarbon chains, ester groups, benzene rings, and terminal alcohol hydroxyl groups. Except for the two terminal alcohol hydroxyl groups in polyester, there are no other polar groups, so the hydrophilicity of polyester fiber is extremely poor. The polyester molecule contains about 46% ester groups. The ester groups can undergo hydrolysis and thermal cracking above 200℃. When encountering strong alkali, they will be saponified, reducing the degree of polymerization. Commonly used detergents and washing powders below 100℃ have no effect on polyester. Influence.
The characteristics of polyester: high strength, good elasticity, heat resistance, insulation, abrasion resistance, and corrosion resistance are relatively good, but dyeability and hygroscopicity are relatively poor, but Good color fastness and not easy to fade. Because there are no specific dyeing groups on the polyester molecular chain and the polarity is small, it is difficult to dye and has poor dyeability. It is difficult for dye molecules to enter the fiber. It feels stuffy when worn, and is easily charged with static electricity and contaminated with dust, which affects the performance of the fiber. Aesthetics and comfort. However, it dries very easily after washing, has almost no drop in wet strength, does not deform, and has good washable and wearable properties.
There are many types of polyester fiber fabrics. In addition to pure polyester fabrics, there are also many products blended or interwoven with various textile fibers, which make up for the shortcomings of pure polyester fabrics and provide better performance. Taking performance. Polyester fabrics are developing in the direction of natural synthetic fibers such as wool-like, silk-like, linen-like, and deerskin-like fabrics.
Advantages of polyester-cotton blends
Comparative effects of polyester-cotton blended fabrics and pure cotton fabrics: strong elongation (polyester-cotton blended > pure cotton); wear resistance (polyester-cotton blended fabrics) Blended > pure cotton); pilling (polyester-cotton blended pure cotton); moisture permeability (polyester-cotton blended pure cotton).
Polyester-cotton” and “cotton-polyester”, when the order of the two words is changed, they become two different fabrics.
“Polyester-cotton” (TC) fabric refers to polyester The composition of polyester accounts for more than 50%, and the composition of cotton is less than 50%;
Advantages: The luster is brighter than pure cotton, it feels smooth and crisp, and it is not easy to wrinkle. The higher the polyester content, the better the fabric. Not easy to wrinkle.
Disadvantages: Not as skin-friendly as cotton, and not as comfortable to wear as cotton fabrics.
“Cotton-polyester” (CVC) is just the opposite, referring to the composition of cotton More than 50%, polyester content is less than 50%, also known as CVC variety.
Advantages: The luster is slightly brighter than pure cotton, the cloth surface is smooth, clean without yarn ends or impurities. It feels comfortable Smooth, crisp, and wrinkle-resistant than pure cotton.
Disadvantages: not as skin-friendly as pure cotton, and not as comfortable to wear as pure cotton fabrics.
Advantages of polyester and linen blends
In the past, linen textiles had high yarn density and could only be woven into medium and low-end products. They were only suitable for outerwear, decorative fabrics, etc., and did not reflect the unique advantages of linen textiles such as good moisture absorption, good moisture release, and coolness. Nowadays, polyester fiber is used Blended with flax fiber to produce a series of high-end linen blended products suitable for summer inner and outer clothing. What are the characteristics of polyester and linen blended fabrics?
1. Cool to the touch
Flax fiber blended fabrics The ratio is 35%-40%, and the flax fiber coverage of the yarn appearance is high. Therefore, when the human skin contacts the polyester/linen low-tech yarn fabric, the heat on the human body surface will be quickly dissipated, giving people a cool feeling.
2. The fabric is light and thin, and the dyeing is bright.
The yarn is relatively fine, generally below 20tex (more than 50 tex count), and can be pure or blended yarn alone or with other textile fibers. Interwoven into ultra-thin fabric. The product is of high grade, dyed and printed in bright, beautiful and gorgeous colors. The fabric is famous for being cool, transparent, thin and comfortable.
3. Good wrinkle resistance
Due to fiber characteristics, polyester can be used to improve its wrinkle resistance and poor dyeing ability, while flax fiber can absorb moisture and release moisture to improve polyester fabric’s poor moisture absorption and uncomfortable wearing. Disadvantages.
4. Comfortable to wear and good washability
The proportion of polyester and linen yarns and fabric blends is moderate. The fabric feels soft, easy to wash, easy to dry, has good plasticity and shape, and does not hold up after washing. The deformation has the same moisture absorption, moisture release and air permeability as pure linen fabric. It is a non-stick high-end summer inner and outer fabric.
Advantages of polyester and cashmere blends
Wool: The ratio of polyester = 45:55 can not only maintain the advantages of wool, but also bring into play the strengths of polyester. Almost all coarse and worsted wool fabrics have corresponding wool-polyester blended varieties. Among them, worsted wool-polyester thin tweed is also called cool tweed , commonly known as Mao Qianliang (Note: Qianliang is the common name for polyester), is the best reflection of wool-polyester blended fabrics.One of the characteristic fabrics.
Compared with all-wool tweed, wool-polyester thin tweed has a light texture, good wrinkle recovery, strong wear resistance, easy to wash and quick-dry, long-lasting pleats, stable size, and not easy to be eaten by insects, but its feel is not as good as that of full-wool tweed. The hair is soft. If glossy polyester is used as the raw material for blending, the surface will have a silky luster. If cashmere or camel hair and other animal hairs are used in the blended raw material, the hand feel will be smoother.
Washing instructions: Soak in cold water for 15 minutes, then wash with general synthetic detergent. The temperature of the washing liquid should not exceed 45 degrees Celsius. Dirty areas such as collars and cuffs can be scrubbed with a soft brush. After cleaning, you can gently wring it out and place it in a cool and ventilated place to dry. Do not expose it to the sun or dry it to avoid wrinkles due to overcooking.
Advantages of TR fabric
Polyester-viscose blend is a highly complementary blend. Polyester and viscose are not only available in cotton and wool types, but also in mid-length types. Wool type fabric is commonly known as “fast bus”. When polyester is not less than 50%, this blended fabric can maintain the characteristics of polyester that are strong, wrinkle-resistant, dimensionally stable, and washable and wearable. The mixing of viscose fiber improves the air permeability of the fabric and improves the resistance to melt holes; it also reduces the pilling and antistatic phenomena of the fabric.
The polyester/viscose blended fabric ratio is mostly 65/35 or 67/33. The characteristics of this type of blended fabric are smooth and clean fabrics, bright colors, strong wool texture, good elasticity and good hygroscopicity; but The ironing resistance is poor.
Advantages of TR fabrics:
1. High strength. The short fiber strength is 2.6~5.7Cn/dtex, and the high-strength fiber is 5.6~8.0Cn/dtex. Due to the relatively high hygroscopicity Low, its wet strength is basically the same as dry strength, and its impact resistance is 4 times higher than nylon and 20 times higher than viscose fiber.
2. Good elasticity, the elasticity is close to that of wool. When stretched by 5% to 6%, it can almost completely recover. The wrinkle resistance exceeds other fibers, that is, the fabric does not wrinkle, has good dimensional stability and elastic modulus. The number is 22~141cN/dtex, which is 2~3 times higher than nylon.
3. Good water absorption.
4. Good wear resistance, second only to nylon with the best wear resistance, and better than other natural fibers and synthetic fibers.
5. Good light resistance, second only to acrylic fiber.
6. Corrosion resistance, resistant to bleach, oxidants, alcohols, ketones, petroleum products and inorganic acids, resistant to dilute alkali and mildew, but hot alkali can cause it to decompose.
Conclusion
The advantage of blended fabrics is that through the organic combination of two or more different types of fibers, they can complement each other’s strengths and coexist with their advantages to meet people’s different requirements for clothing. Blended fabrics will combine the advantages of two or more raw materials and complement each other to achieve better performance and comfort of the fabric, and also greatly reduce the cost of the product. Through the introduction of polyester and polyester blended fabrics, everyone must have a better understanding of polyester and get to know polyester.
